| Title |
Effectiveness of pertussis vaccination and duration of immunity
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Canadian Medical Association Journal, September 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1503/cmaj.160193 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Kevin L. Schwartz, Jeffrey C. Kwong, Shelley L. Deeks, Michael A. Campitelli, Frances B. Jamieson, Alex Marchand-Austin, Therese A. Stukel, Laura Rosella, Nick Daneman, Shelly Bolotin, Steven J. Drews, Heather Rilkoff, Natasha S. Crowcroft |
| Abstract |
A resurgence of pertussis cases among both vaccinated and unvaccinated people raises questions about vaccine effectiveness over time. Our objective was to study the effectiveness of the pertussis vaccine and characterize the effect of waning immunity and whole-cell vaccine priming. We used the test-negative design, a nested case-control study with test-negative individuals as controls. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs). Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1 - OR) × 100. We assessed waning immunity by calculating the odds of developing pertussis per year since last vaccination and evaluated the relative effectiveness of priming with acellular versus whole-cell vaccine. Between Dec. 7, 2009, and Mar. 31, 2013, data on 5867 individuals (486 test-positive cases and 5381 test-negative controls) were available for analysis. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 80% (95% confidence interval [CI] 71% to 86%) at 15-364 days, 84% (95% CI 77% to 89%) at 1-3 years, 62% (95% CI 42% to 75%) at 4-7 years and 41% (95% CI 0% to 66%) at 8 or more years since last vaccination. We observed waning immunity with the acellular vaccine, with an adjusted OR for pertussis infection of 1.27 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.34) per year since last vaccination. Acellular, versus whole-cell, vaccine priming was associated with an increased odds of pertussis (adjusted OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.30 to 3.57). We observed high early effectiveness of the pertussis vaccine that rapidly declined as time since last vaccination surpassed 4 years, particularly with acellular vaccine priming. Considering whole-cell vaccine priming and/or boosters in pregnancy to optimize pertussis control may be prudent. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 145 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 37 | 26% |
| Spain | 11 | 8% |
| United Kingdom | 5 | 3% |
| Canada | 3 | 2% |
| Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
| Comoros | 1 | <1% |
| New Zealand | 1 | <1% |
| Mexico | 1 | <1% |
| Colombia | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 2 | 1% |
| Unknown | 82 | 57% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 118 | 81% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 19 | 13% |
| Scientists | 5 | 3% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 3 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 125 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 1 | <1% |
| Australia | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 123 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 15 | 12% |
| Researcher | 12 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 12 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 6% |
| Other | 24 | 19% |
| Unknown | 37 | 30% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 32 | 26% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 12 | 10% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 6% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 6% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 3% |
| Other | 13 | 10% |
| Unknown | 50 | 40% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 295. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 April 2024.
All research outputs
#120,168
of 25,736,439 outputs
Outputs from Canadian Medical Association Journal
#220
of 9,540 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#2,422
of 331,767 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Canadian Medical Association Journal
#3
of 103 outputs
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